Window.



E.P:GHAFFER WINDOW.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 14, 1905.

Patented Oct. 28, 1913.

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INVENTOR .JEQZZLMZIZZJFZ7%z19%%9 COLUMBIA PLANQqIiQlfl-l 110.,WASHINGTON, D. c.

E.P.GHAPFER WINDOW.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 14, 1905. i 1,077,039. Patented Oct. 28, 1913.

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Patented 0013.28, 1913.

| k: |H l HI I I I "I l l I SA s EDWARD FRANK OHAFFEE, OF ALBANY, NEWYORK, ASSIGNOIt T0 OLIVER 1V1.

- EDWARDS, OF SYRACUSE, NEW YORK.

WINDOW.

Specification of Letters Patent. I Patented 0013. 28, 1913.

Application filed January 14, 1905. Serial No. 241,044.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, EDWARD F. Crrarrnn, acitizen of the United States, and a resident of Albany, in the county ofAlbany and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Windows, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to improvements in windows, and it consists in thenovel features, arrangements and combinations of parts hereinafterdescribed and particularly pointed out in the claims.

My inventionhas reference more especially to the class of railway-carwindow sashes commonly suspended from a spring roller (of the ordinaryHartshorn type) and equipped wit-h movable stops, actuating springs,links and other cooperating devices, for arresting and holding thewindow at the proper elevation or elevations, the said spring-roller attimes having been given sufficient strength to automatically raise thesash upon the release of the latter and at other times only thatstrength requisite for about balancing the sash so that the latter maybe manually raised with entire convenience.

The object of my invention is to very much simplify and render morepositive, efficient and reliable the sash mechanism of railway cars, andespecially to dispense with the springs and their cooperating parts and'many other details necessary to employ in sash mechanism as heretoforeconstructed and arranged.

In carrying out my invention, in the preferred embodiment, I provide atthe inner faces of the two vertical sides of the sash, vertical barswhich are suspended from the usual spring roller and which are providedwith wedge parts to coiiperate at the proper time with wedge partsformed on the sash, said bars and sash being vertically movable togetherand capable of limited vertical movement independently of each other,and said bars also being capable, by the action of said cooperatingwedge parts induced by the weightof the sash and the upward pull of thespring roller, of pressing the sash against the adjacent surfaces of thewindow casing with binding effect. I also provide means for manuallyreleasing the bars from their binding position when it is desired tolower the sash and also when it is desired to raise the same. The springroller is not directly connected with the window sash but with the twoend bars whose wedge "parts have a free engagement with the wedge partsof the sash and which bars are held in proper relation to the sash bythe window casing parts, such as the inside window stops, which serve asguides for said bars. I also provide a simple automatic lockfor'securing the window against being raised from the outside, and this lookis so disposed with respect to one of the said bars that upon therelease of the bar from its binding position said bar will retire thebolt of said look from its engagement with the sash and permit thelatter to be raised.

The sash mechanism of my invention comprises, mainly, the sash, a wedgebar at each vertical side portion thereof and movable therewith and theusual spring balance roller connected with and acting against said bars.When the sash is in its lower. position or down, the wedgebars, beingunder tension of the spring roller, act to press the sash against theoutside window stops and their weather strips, and when it is desired toraise the sash, the said bars are first pulled downwardly to a slightextent so as to allow said bars and the sash proper freedom in theirguides, and then the sash and bars are moved upwardly together to thedesired position, upon arriving at which the bars will be released fromthe manual pressure which initially pulled them downwardly and thespring roller will at once pull them upwardly and cause their wedgesurfaces to again press the sash outwardly against the outside stops andtheir weather strips, this final upward movement of said bars beingindependent of the sash and only sutficient to restore the said barsinto their binding relation to the sash. When it is desired to lower thesash the said side bars are first pulled slightly downwardly to relievethe sash and then the sash and bars are lowered together, and when thesash has reached its lower position the said bars are released frommanual pressure and the spring roller will at once draw them upwardly sothat they may again press the sash against the outside window stops.

My invention embraces a novel organization having new principles ofoperation, and said invention will be fully understood ing casingconstructed in accordance with and embodying my invention, thestationary inner window stop, at the left hand side of the window, beingomitted; Fig. 2 is a vertical section of same on the dotted line 2-2 ofFig. 1; Fig. 3 is a transverse section of same on the dotted line 33 ofFig. 1, the

inside stationary window stop being shown in position; Fig. 1 is avertical section, partly broken away, of same on the dotted line 4% ofFig. 3 Fig. 5 is a front elevation, partly in section, of a portion ofthe window and its casing and is presented to more fully illustrate thelock for preventing the window from being raised from the outside; Fig.61

is an enlarged view of a portion of the same, the bolt being shown bydotted lines:

as having been retired from the window sash by the downward movement ofthe adjacent wedge bar, the lower position of this bar being indicatedby dotted lines; Fig. 7 1s a detached enlarged front elevatlon of aportion of the window and its cooperating parts, and is presented tomore fully illustrate the means connecting the upper ends of the twowedge bars with each other and with the spring balance roller; Fig. 8illustrates in front elevation the upper part of a window provided withan additional spring balance roller, which is connected directly to thesash, instead of being indirectly connected therewith through the sashholding means, consisting, in this case as in previous ones, of aplurality of pairs of opposite inclined wedge surfaces arranged at eachedgewise portion of the sash; Fig. 9 shows a central vertical sectionalview of that which is broken away to more clearly show the sash holdingmeans; Fig. 10 shows in front elevation the upper portion of a window inwhich sash weights are employed as sash balancing or supporting meansinstead of the spring balance roller seen in preceding figures of thedrawings; Fig. 11 shows in central vertical section that which is seenin Fig. 10, with a portion of the window frame broken away as in Figs. 2and 9 of the drawings,

in the drawings, 10 indicates the window pane, 11 the window sash, and12 the window casing of the car or other structure, this *asing beingthe ordinary encompassing frame pr vided with the inside window steps18, outside window stops 14 having the usual weather strips 15, and sill16.

lVithin the grooved inner edges of the inside stops 13 are arrangedwedge-bars 17, which are connected together at their upper ends by a bar18 and are suspended from the usual springroller or sash-balance 19, the

latter being of ordinary construction and having straps or equivalentflexible connections 20 fastened at one end to the casing of the rollerand at their lower ends connected with the bar 18, preferably throughthe intermediate centrally pivoted. bar 21,

as shown, the bar 21 being connected at its center to the center of thebar 18 by means of metal plates 22.

The wedge-bars 17 correspond exactly with each other and are formed ontheir faces with projected wedge parts 23 which incline downwardly andoutwardly toward the outer side of the car and enter correspondinglyformed recesses 24 (Fig. 4) provided in the side bars of the sash frame11. The recesses 2% are preferably lined with a metallic shell 25 andare of sufficient dimensions to permit the wedge parts 23 to have alimited vertical movement in them, said wedge parts 23 normallyoccupying whether the window is up or down, the position in the recesses2% represented in Fig. i. It is obvious that any suitable number of thewedge parts 23 and recesses 24: may be used but I shall preferablyprovide each bar 17 with two of said wedge parts and each side bar ofthe sash with two corresponding recesses 24. The wedge-bars 1'7 have nopositive fixed connection with the window sash and are held in positionagainst the side bars of said sash by the adjacent portions of thewindow casing, the parts, in the present instance, keeping the bars 17in position being the grooved inside window steps 13, as shown in Fig.3.

The sash 11. is not directly connected with the spring roller 19, andsaid roller only acts upon the sash through the wedge-bars 17, which areconnected with the spring roller and may have a limited verticalmovement independently of the sash, the extent of this independentmovement being limited by the freedom of the wedge parts within therecesses 2%.

In Figs. 1, 2 and a, I illustrate the position of the parts when thewindow is in an open position, and under such condition the springroller 19 is pulling upwardly on the bars 17 and the inclined surfacesof the wedge parts 23, are pressing, under the tension of the roller 19,against the corresponding surfaces of the recesses 24:, with the resultthat the window sash is pressed outwardly against the outside windowstops l t and weatherstrips 15. In order to lower the window thewedge-bars 17 should first be moved downwardly to carry the inclinedsurfaces of their wedge parts 23 from horizontally act ing bindingengagement with the like sur faces of the recesses 24-, thereby tocreate suilicient freedom between the sash and the adjoining stationarysurfaces of the car structure or window casing for the sash to beconveniently lowered, and to this end I pivot upon the side bars of thesash the le' 1 its firm engagement with the outside window stops 14,and, of course, permitting the sash to be conveniently lowered. Ipreferably pivot the levers 26 within metal casings 28 which also affordfinger pieces 29 in convenient relation to the finger pieces 27 toenable a person to place his thumbs upon the said finger pieces 29 whilepressing upwardly against the finger pieces 27 of said levers 26, thispurchase enabling the more convenient operation of said levers. Duringthe movement of the window either clownwardly or upwardly, the pressureon the finger pieces 27 should be continued so as to maintain the wedgeparts 23 within the lower portions of the recesses 24. When the windowreaches either its lower position or its upper position the pressure onthe finger piece 27 will be released, and thereupon the spring roller 19will at once pull upwardly upon the wedge-bars 17 and restore the wedgeparts 23 to their upper binding position represented in Fig. l, therebyenabling said wedge parts to again bind the sash against the outsidewindow stops. In either raising or lowering the window therefore, theattendant will press the finger pieces 27 toward the finger pieces 29 soas to lower the wedge bars 17 and then move the window to the desiredposition, whereupon he will release the finger pieces 27 and allow thespring roller 19 to restore the wedge parts 23 to their binding positionwith respect to the recesses 24. I preferably connect the bars 17 bymeans of a bar 18 so as to assure uniformity of movement in said bars,and I also preferably interpose between the straps 20 of the springroller and the bar 18, the centrally pivoted bar 21, so

that in the event of any slack in either of said straps, the pull of thespring roller may be transmitted to the center of said bar 18.

If it is desired, in the case of window sashes of more than ordinaryweight, as are used in some instances, an additional spring balanceroller or other balancing devices may be employed to aid in opening andclosing the window. Where heavy sashes are to be supported it isdesirable that the, weight thereof be partially supported by other meansthan what are indirectly connectedwith the sash through the sash holdingmeans, as hereinbefore shown, so that thewhole weight of the sash or ofthe balancing or supporting means connected with the sash holding meanswill not have to be overcome in releasing the sash from the holdingaction of such means when opening and closing the window.

InFigs. 8 and 9 an additional balance roller'is seen connected directlyto the sash in amanner well known in the art. The tension of the springof this roller 11 is so adjusted that it is only sufficient to partiallybalance the sash when acting alone thereon.

The tension of this spring. in roller 41 may be adjusted as desiredaccording to the weight of the sash and the extent that such weight isto be supported by the spring roller 19 acting through the sash holdingmeans, as descrlbed in connection with preceding figures of thedrawings. The window frame 12 is of similar construction to that seen inpreceding figures and is provided with a sash 11, movable therein toopen and close the window. This sash is providedwith holding devices ofsimilar construction to those seen in Figs. 1 to 7 and which operate insubstantially the same manner to hold and release the sash. This frame12 is provided with the usual stop head 13 arranged as seen in Fig. 3.These stop beads are arranged relatively to the sash and frame sothatthe sash moves freely in opening and closing the window and the holdingmeans are released from manual control. The holding means, as hereshown, consist of two bars 17 each of which is provided with a pluralityof wedged surface-s arranged in coactive relation with corresponding butoppositely inclined wedged surfaces connected to the sash substantiallyin the manner shown in preceding figures. These two bars are connectedtogether by a horizontal bar 18 which in turn is centrally connected tothe bar 21 by links 22 so that whatever force is applied to bar 21 isequally applied to bar 18 by reason of the links 22 connecting the twobars together about midway of their length. The spring roller 19 isconnected with the ends of the bar 18 by any suitable material thatwillwind upon and ofi the roller in a well known manner as shown inFigs. 1, 2, 8 and 9. In these respects the construction and arrangementsof the parts is substantially the same as has been described inconnection with preceding figures. In the embodiment seen in these Figs.8 and 9 a spring roller ll as before explained is connected directly tothe sash 11 by straps of suitable flexible materialfi,

so that such roller may partly balance the wei ht of such sash. These Fis. 8 and 9 b I r illustrate one way of applylng a spring balancemechanism to both the sash and the other and well known forms of sashholding means are employed in place of what is herein shown anddescribed.

In Figs. 10 and 11 an instance is shown where sash weights are employedin lieu of the spring balance roller shown in some of the precedingfigures. These weights 49 in the pockets 47 are of the ordinary kind andare clearly shown in Figs. 10 and 11 and they are connected to oppositeends of the bar 21 by cords or chains 52, which run over pulleys 53 asshown. Bar 21 is centrally connected with bar 18 by links 22 so that theforce exerted by the weights upon the bar 21 is centrally applied to thebar 18 and by such bar to the sash holding means, consisting of bars 17and the wedge surfaces thereon similar to what is illustrated inpreceding figures. Upon an examination of the constructions hereindescribed it will be quite apparent to a person skilled in the art towhich this invention pertains that the mode of operation of the parts inthe construction shown in Figs. 10 and 11 is in all essential respectsthe same as it is in the construction shown in Figs. 1 to 4. In eachcase the sash supporting means is connected directly with the sashholding means and indirectly to the sash through such holding means. Ineach case, the sasa is supported against the action of gravity thereonby the action of the holding means, a portion of which is connected toand is supported by such balancing or supporting means.

My invention resides largely in combining a sash, sash balancing orsupporting means, sash holding means and a window frame together in sucha manner that the sash is more or less balanced, 2'. more or lesssupported in its frame against the ac tion of gravity by the connectionof such supporting or balancing means with a portion or portions of thesash holding or wedging means, which engages with the sash or partsconnected therewith to give it movement more or less in a directiontransverse to its general plane of movement in opening and closing thewindow and thereby wedges or holds the sash securely in its frame. Aportion or portions of the sash holding or wedging means have a movementwith the sash in its general plane of movement and also a limitedmovement relatively to the sash in two directions, (in one to wedge orhold the sash in its frame and in the other or reverse direction torelease it from such holding or wedging means). The sash is supportedand held in its frame against the action of gravity thereon by the sashbalancing or supporting means through the connection formed between suchmeans and the sash holding means. 7 The action ofsuch balancing orsupporting means upon the sash holding means is the same in kind whetherthe supporting force of such means is suflicient to balance,underbalance or overbalance the sash.

I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to thedetails of construction herein shown and described, for obviousmodifications will occur to a person skilled in the art by reason ofthat which is herein set forth and, therefore, desire to include suchmodifications within my claims.

It is desirable that means should be provided for locking the window inits lower position, so that the window may not be raised from theoutside, and it is also desirable that this locking means should beautomatic in its action and capable of cooperation with one or both ofthe wedge-bars 17, and hence as more clearly shown in Figs. 5 and 6, Iembed in the side of the window casing structure a casing 30 containinga gravity or automatic bolt 31 having a clownwardly and outwardlyinclined engaging end 32 adapted when the window is in its lowerposition to enter a notch 33 in the sash and operate as an obstructionagainst any upward movement of said sash. he bolt 31 is pivotallymounted upon the pin 34 and the casing 30 is of suitable dimensions topermit the engaging end 32 of said bolt to swing inwardly clear of theedge of the sash, as shown by dotted lines in Fig. 6. The recess 33 inthe sash'is located at a point where it will be ust below the wedge bar17 when said bar is in its upper position with relation to the sash, andhence when said bar, by means of the lever 26, is manually moveddownwardly to the position shown by dotted lines in Fi 6 it will passagainst the upper inclined surfaces of the bolt and cause the latter toturn inwardly into its casing 30 and thus become free from the sash. Thesash is moved upwardly while the wedge-bar 17 is held in its downposition and hence during the upward movement of the sash the bar 17will prevent the bolt from again entering the notch or recess 33. Whenthe sash is again moved to its lower position and the bar 17 is releasedfrom manual restraint and moved to its upper position by the springroller 19 it will uncover the notch or recess 33 and allow the bolt 31to turn outwardly to its former position and carry its engaging end 32into the recess 33, with the effect of again looking the sash in itslower position.

I illustrate in Figs. 1 to 4 the wedgebars 17 as being held by theinside window steps 13 and the inner faces of the side-bars of the sashframe as provided with the recesses 241, but I do not limit my inventionto thus locating the bars 17 and wee ge surfaces of the sash, because itis entirely obvious that the said bars and wedge surfaces may be locatedat the outer vertical edges of the sash in lieu of at the face of thesash. The bars 17 by their wedge action, not only tend to press the sashagainst the outside window stops 14: but themselves become pressedagainst the inside window stops 13, and if said bars were located at theouter vertical edges of the sash they would nevertheless performimportant duties in that they themselves would become pressed againstthe surfaces guiding and holding them and would bind against the windowsash and prevent rattling of the same, as well as to aid in theconvenient raising of the sash, under the force exerted by the springroller 19.

I illustrate but one look for locking the widow sash in its lowerposition, but it is obvious that this lock may be duplicated at theother edge of the widow casing if desired.

I am aware of several modified forms of my invention but deem itunnecessary to illustrate and describe the same in detail.

I would have it understood therefore that I have shown and described thebest and most convenient embodiment of my invention without meaning tolimit myself to the same further than as may be indicated in the claims.I do not exclude from the scope of my invention the connection of aspring balance roller directly with the sash in addition to applyingspring roller mechanism to the movable wedges to enable said wedges tohave their normal horizontally acting binding or locking effect, but inthe form of the invention shown one spring roller serves both for thewedges and the sash. In some instances, also, sash-weights may beemployed in lieu of the spring balance roller 19.

What I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters-Patentis 1. The combination with a window frame provided with a guideway and asash movable lengthwise of the guideway and toward and from the outerwall thereof, of a member independent of the sash and cooperatingtherewith for moving the latter against the outer wall of the guidewayas the sash moves in one direction, and means acting on said memberindependently of the sash for moving the member with the sashsubstantially throughout the movement of the latter in an oppositedirection.

2. The combination with a window frame provided with a guideway and asash movable lengthwise of the guideway and toward and from the outerwall thereof, of a mem ber independent of the sash and cooperatingtherewith for moving the latter against the outer wall of the guidewayas the sash moves in one direction, and yielding means acting upon themember independently of the sash and reacting against the frame formoving themember with the sash substantially throughout the movement ofthe latter in an opposite direction.

3. The combination with a window frame sash transversely therein.

provided with a guideway and a sash movable lengthwise of the same andtoward and from the outer wall thereof, of a member independent of thesash and cooperating therewith for moving the latter against said outerwall of the guideway as the sash moves in one direction, and yieldingmeans acting upon the member independently of the sash and reactingagainst the frame and tending to move the member in a lengthwisedirection against the force eXerted thereon by the sash.

a. The combination with a sash frame having a guideway therein and asash movable lengthwise and laterally of said guideway, of coactingparts assuming two relative positions in the movement of said sash, onerelative position thereof tending to force the sash laterally to bindthe same against a wall of the guideway in the frame, and anotherrelative position thereof relieving the sash from such binding movementand permitting the ready movement of the sash in a reverse direction,one of said cooperating parts being carried by the sash and another ofsaid parts being wholly supported independently of the sash and of itsengagement with the coacting part and movable substantially throughoutthe range of movement of the sash.

5. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash-movable in the frame, asupport consisting of balancing means supported on the frame, and meansarranged between the sash and balancing means and provided with "a partcontrolled by the balancing means adapted to move the in the frame tohold it 6. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of aframe adapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash movable in the frame, asupport consisting of a spring roller mounted on the frame, and meansarranged between the, sash and roller and provided with a movable partcontrolled by the roller and adapted to move the sash transversely inthe frame to hold it therein.

7. Ina window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a'sash, a sashmovable in the frame, asupport consisting of balancing means supported on the frame, and meansfor holding or binding the sash against movement, a portion of which ismovable relatively to another portion, one of which portions is attachedto the balancing means and the other is attached to the sash, whereby'the sash is moved in the frame to bind or hold it thereinby the weightthereof acting against the force exerted bythe balancing means.

receiveand hold a sash, a sash movable in the frame, means for holdingor binding the sash in the frame arranged at each edge portion thereof,a portion of which is movable relatively to the sash, and balancingmeans connected to each of such portions and to the frame, so asto movesaid portions and bind the sash in the frame. 1

9. In a window the combination, substan tially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash freely movable in the frame,means adapted to hold or bind the sash in the frame a portion of whichis connected with the sash and is movable relatively'to other portionsby the weight of the sash, and a spring roller mounted on the frame andconnected with the portion of the holding or binding means which ismovable relatively to the sash, whereby the sash is normally held in theframe by the coaotion of the roller, holding or binding means and weightof the sash.

10. In a window the combination, sub stantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash freely movable in the frame,means, a portion of which is movable relativelyto the sash, for holdingor binding it in the frame arranged at each edge portion thereof, andbalancing means mounted on the frame and connected to the movableportion of the holding or binding means to act thereon and more or lesssupport the sash in the frame, whereby the weight of the sash moves oneportion of the holding or binding means relatively to another portionand forces the sash into contact withthe frame.

11. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash freely movable in the frame,a plurality of means, a portion of which is movable relatively to thesash, arranged at one edge portion thereof for binding or holding'thesash in the frame, and balancingmeans mounted on the frame and connectedto the movable portion of such plurality of means to act thereon andmore or less support the sash in the frame, whereby theweight of thesash moves one portion of such plurality of-holding or binding meansrelatively to another portion and forces the sash in'to contact wit-hthe frame.

12. In a window the combination, sub stantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash freely movable in the frame,means a portion of which is movable relatively to the sash for holdingor binding it in the frame, a spring roller mounted on the frame, andflexible material adapted to wind upon the roller and connected with themovable portion of the holding or binding means to more or less supportthe weight of the sash, whereby the sash is moved and held in contactwith the crosswise of the frame, and a second bar connecting with thefirst-mentioned bar, whereby the spring roller is connected with theholding or binding means to hold the sash in the frame by the action ofsuch roller on such means. 7

14. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash movable in the frame, meansmovable relatively to the sash for holding or binding it in the frame,balancing means engageable with the frame and connected with suchmovable holding or binding means to move a portion of such meansrelatively to the sash, and operating means engageable with such holdingor binding means, whereby the sash is supported and held in the frameand the action of the balancing means is overcome to open or close thewindow.

15. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash movable in the frame, meanarrangedat one edge portion of the sash and movable relatively theretofor holding or binding it in the frame, and having a portion engageablewith a locking detent as such means is moved into releasing position, alocking detent adapted to lock the sash in a given position in theframe, and operating means adapted to engage with and operate themovable holding or binding means and therebyoperate the locking detentto unlock the window, whereby the sash is held in the frameby theholding or binding means and is released and unlocked by the movement ofthe operating means to permit the window to be opened.

16. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash movable in the frame, meansarranged at each of two edge portions of'the sash and movable relativelythereto for holding or binding it in the frame,balancing meansengageable with the frame and connected to the movable holding orbinding means, and operating means at each of such two edges of the sashand engageable with their respective holding or binding means, wherebythe sash is held n t e fra e y the holding or binding means, and isreleased by the operating means to permit the window to be opened.

17. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash movable in the frame, holdingor binding means arranged at one edge portion of the sash and movablerelatively thereto and engageable with a locking detent, balancing meansengageable with the frame and connected to the movable holding orbinding means, a locking detent movably mounted on the frame andengageable with the sash, and operating means mounted on the sash foroperating both the locking detent and holding or binding means.

18. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash movable in the frame, meansfor holding or binding the sash in the frame and movable relativelythereto, and yielding means connected with the frame and holding orbinding means for more or less supporting the sash through the holdingor binding means to hold it in the frame.

19. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash movable in the frame, meansfor holding or binding the sash in the frame and movable relativelythereto, means connected with the frame and holding means for more orless supporting the sash, a locking detent automatically movable int-olocking position independently of operating means, and operating meansengageable with the holding or binding means and adapted to move suchmeans out of holding position and actuate the locking detent to move itout of locking position.

20. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash movable in the frame, aplurality of means for holding or binding the sash in the frame andmovable relatively thereto, means connected with the frame and adaptedto more or less support the sash, and equalizing means connected withthe plurality of holding or binding means and also with the supportingmeans, whereby the sash is held in the frame with substantially an equalforce at opposite portions thereof.

21. In a window the combination, substantially as set forth, of a frameadapted to receive and hold a sash, a sash movable in the frame, aplurality of means for holding or binding the sash in the frame andmovable relatively thereto, means connected with the frame and adaptedto more or less support the sash, and a pair of equalizing barsconnected together midway of their length, one of which bars isconnected to the supporting means and the other is connected to theplurality of holding or binding means, whereby the sash is held in theframe with substantially an equal force at opposite portions thereof.

Signed at Albany in the county of Albany and State of New York this 10thday of January A. D. 1905.

EDWARD FRANK CHAFFEE.

Witnesses:

Trros. J. MOENANY, MARTIN Bron.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Patents- Washington, D. O."

